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SDM (Sulfadimethoxine)
Sulfonamides are widely used to treat bacterial and protozoan infections in food animals. Their pharmacological activity is due to their ability to mimic paminobenzoic acid (PABA) and to inhibit the early stages of folic acid synthesis in bacteria and in various protozoans. However, sulfonamides can be accumulated in the body of people who consumed products from those excessively drug-treated animals, resulting in the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Sulfadimethoxine (SDM) is a typical example of sulfonamides. Many cases about administrating SDM excessively have been reported for the prevention and treatment of infections in chicken, swine, and cattle. To minimize this risk, a maximum residue limit of 0.1 mg/kg has been established for total or individual sulfonamides in food samples, including meat and milk in European and American countries.