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Leishmania
Leishmaniasis is caused by a protozoa parasite from over 20 Leishmania species and is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. Visceral leishmaniasis, sometimes called systemic leishmaniasis, is caused by the species L. donovani and L. infantum. It usually occurs two to eight months after a sandfly bite. It damages the internal organs, such as the spleen and liver. It also affects the immune system, through damage to those organs. The condition is almost always fatal if not treated.